Exploring Design and Experience in the Urban Environment-Derek Jeter Research Paper

Exploring Design and Experience in the Urban Environment-Derek Jeter Gym - Research Paper Example In order to eliminate health hazards and to maintaining better health, various gymnasiums or fitness centers are operating within the country. The revolutionary ‘Derek Jeter 24 hour fitness club’ is located in New York. Derek Jeter was the most prestigious shortstop in the Major League Baseball (MLB), for the entire career, he played for New York Yankees. The characteristic of Derek Jeter contains a dominant and prominent player. Furthermore, his achievements throughout his career are as follows (Signature clubs): â€Å"Sixth overall player selected in the 1992 baseball draft 1996 AL Rookie of the Year Four Gold Gloves (2004, 2005, 2006, 2009) Five World Series championships Eleven All-Star appearances 2009 Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year Lifetime batting average of .314 (through Sept 2010)† The collaboration of Derek Jeter with the 24 hour fitness club added new value. In fact, the club enjoys the company of 3.5 million club members along with 20,000 tea m members globally with a 27 years history. It is the largest privately owned club in the country. The most notable aspect of this club involves 24 hours availability. This means that members can join anytime they want, round the clock. In general, people with tight schedules and work time have the freedom to customize their workout schedules whenever they are available. The Derek Jeter 24 hour fitness club welcomes all age type males and females members. More than a thousand male and female members visit the 24 hour fitness club during the weekdays. Members of almost all ages are encouraged and wear a comfortable outfit for easy expansion of body parts and perform cardio, yoga and strength gaining classes. The trainers at the club are smart, supportive and encourage members a lot. Moreover, they are all well dressed having fresh faces and communicate effectively with members. Furthermore, a member operates on cardio exercises, yoga, and strength training etc. on cardio equipment  consisting of treadmills, stationary bikes, elliptical trainers and stair steppers. The club is the first to provide Nike + iPod experience where members can track and monitor workouts. History The ’24 hour fitness club’ was founded in 1983 and operated as a single club operation located in San Laendro, Calif. Moreover, in the past 27 years, ’24 hour fitness club’ has unwrapped the most clubs in the United States that any other exclusive operator and is at present, the largest private fitness club chain. Accordingly, the introduction of innovative variety including the 24 hours fitness club and online memberships, the company is broadly recognized with the modifying industry landscape. In addition, the 24 hours fitness club has introduced a new concept of creating fitness opportunities easily accessible, affordable and flexible. In 2003, the ‘24 hour business club’ turn out to be the first official fitness center sponsor of the United States Olympic team and has rehabilitated support via London 2012 Olympic Games. The sponsorship was a granted memberships to U.S Olympic optimistic and consist of equipping the three U.S Olympic Training Centers in Colorado Springs, Colo., Lake Placid, N.Y. and Chula Vista, Calif. Furthermore, in 2010, the ‘24 hour fitness center’ sponsored five Olympians, Hopefuls and a Paralympian. The team of ‘24 hour fitness center’ consists of Athletes including Rockne Brubaker, Gretchen Bleiler, J.R. Celski, Tucker Fredericks, Chris

Definition Courage Essay Example for Free

Definition Courage Essay All of us trust the dictionary to give us the full understanding of a word we do not know. In this aspect, it is insufficient when it describes courage. While it defines physical courage, it omits inner courage which can be argued to be much more valuable to posses. Webster’s New World Dictionary describes courage as â€Å"an attitude of facing and dealing with anything recognized as dangerous, difficult or painful, instead of withdrawing from it†. Courage is not the ability to be brave or to laugh in the face of danger. Courage is not risking your life for justice. Courage is not a person who agrees to fight, but he who can stand up against it. Courage is not something you can define entirely, and therefore can vary between each person. It can be said that a little girl who ventures out on her bike for the first time displays as much courage as a man jumping into a lake to save a drowning woman, knowing he cannot swim. Courage is a state of mind that enables a person to overcome fear, pain, danger or hardship. Although different from one another, all aspects of courage involve taking risks. Physical courage is facing your fears of possible bodily harm. A fireman rushing into a burning building, a woman running across thin- ice to save a child that has just fallen through, an officer charging into a building to save a hostage. These are all examples of physical courage. Mental courage is standing up to your phobias. While some fear heights, I myself fear speaking in front of a large audience. A son who overcomes his fear of flying to be by his dying mothers side is mental courage that cannot be fully measured or explained. Mental courage is the ability to overcome tragedy and to move forward in the face of sheer defeat. Mental courage is a man finding out he has a brain tumor, and still cherishing and living life to the fullest. Mental courage is taking care of your brother and sister following the death of their parents. The word courage comes from the Latin word cor, meaning heart. It derives from the belief that all feelings begin in the heart. The definitions given to all of us do not suffice because they lack depth and clarity. Mental courage, while not mentioned, and not defined, is portrayed in all of us on a daily basis; and should be along-side physical courage in the references we rely on.

Fixed and Discretionary Trusts Test

Fixed and Discretionary Trusts Test Consider whether the different tests for certainty of objects applicable to fixed trusts and discretionary trusts are appropriate. The tests for certainty of objects differ depending on whether there is a fixed trust or a discretionary trust. This essay will consider whether the different tests applicable to fixed trusts and discretionary trusts are appropriate. Initially, the complete list test applied to both types of trusts. According to this test, the trust is void unless it is possible, at the time it is created, to draw up a complete list of the class. In a fixed trust, the beneficiaries and their shares are identified in the trust instrument. The trustees have a duty to distribute the trust property according to the precise allocation made by the settlor. It is therefore necessary, for the trustees to draw up a list of all the members of the class, before division of the trust property occurs. If they are unable to establish every member of the class, the trust will be void. It can be argued that the complete list test applicable to fixed trusts is appropriate and the courts are justified in taking a strict and demanding approach. The strictness and necessity of the test best ensures compliance with the settlors intention. One may argue that the â€Å"is or is not† test should apply to fixed trusts. However, this test would not be required in fixed trusts where the beneficiaries have already been identified in the trust instrument. Hence, there is no need for the trustees to exercise their discretion in determining whether or not someone is a member of the class. Furthermore, the number of beneficiaries is more likely to be limited with fixed trusts, compared with discretionary trusts. The complete list test was also previously applicable to discretionary tests. However, this is no longer the case since McPhail v Doulton. In McPhail, the trustees were given an absolute discretion to apply the income for the benefit of employees and ex-employees of the company, and their relatives and dependants. This was estimated at a very large number and so it almost impossible to satisfy the complete list test. Hence, it would have been void as a discretionary trust. In order to avoid this, it was held to be a power of appointment, and so valid under the â€Å"is or is not† test. The House of Lords found that a discretionary trust had been created. However, they changed the test for discretionary trusts to the â€Å"is or is not† test. The test is whether it can be said with certainty that any potential claimant is or is not a member of the class. There were two different views expressed in the House of Lords regarding the appropriate test for discretionary trusts. On the one hand, it was argued that the complete list test was the appropriate test because the trustees would need to consider every possible member of a class before exercising their discretion. If the trustees are in default, the court would have to distribute the trust property equally between the members of the class. In order to do so, they would need to draw up a complete list of the class. However, the majority judgement, given by Lord Wilberforce, argued that it is not sensible or realistic to imagine a settlor to ask the trustees to consider every single member. If the settlor had intended the trustees to consider every member of the class, and, for each member to receive an equal amount, he would have stated it in the trust instrument. The fact that he did not state this, and allowed the trustees to exercise their discretion, suggests that he did not intend equal distribution of income. This reflects the aim of discretionary trusts, which is to allow trustees to use their discretion in deciding who should benefit under the trust, and in what proportions. Therefore, all the settlor expects, is that the trustees carry out an appropriate survey of the class, so there is no need to be draw a complete list. Furthermore, where the court has to distribute the money, it is not necessary to divide the money equally, because each person would get a small amount, which is not what the settlor intended. Hence, we can see that the complete list test might be appropriate in cases involving discretionary trusts concerning small family trusts. In such cases, it will be feasible for the trustees to draw up a list of the members of the class, as there will be a small number of beneficiaries involved. Therefore, it will be necessary for the trustees to consider all the members of the class before exercising their discretion. On the other hand, the complete test is too strict and inflexible in cases involving large discretionary trusts. The test would make such trusts void for lack of certainty due to the number of beneficiaries involved which would make it almost impossible to draw up a complete list. Furthermore, there will be costs in drawing up the class. The final amount each member of the class will receive would be so small as to not be of any use to a member. Thus, the complete list test would not best give effect to the intentions of the settlor. Hence, it would be more practical and appropriate to use the ‘is or is not test in such cases. However, this test is easier to state than to apply. This is illustrated by the fact that McPhail was sent back to the High Court in order to determine whether the terms â€Å"relatives† and â€Å"dependants† made the trust void for conceptual uncertainty. Although the trust was upheld, the judges gave very different views. Stamp L.J. took the literal approach that the â€Å"is or is not† test could only be satisfied if it could be said of every potential claimant that they were or, were not, within the class. On the other hand, Sachs L.J. decided that the class test is only concerned with conceptual certainty and not evidential certainty. He also thought that the burden of proof was on the person claiming to be within the class. This might be disadvantageous to individuals who cannot prove their entitlement. Megaw L.J. adopted a middle position. He held that conceptual certainty alone is insufficient and that some degree of evidential certainty is required. Thus, Re Bayden illustrates the difficulty in applying the ‘is or is not test to discretionary trusts. However, the fact that this matter has not arisen in any later cases suggests that it has not been a practical problem. It can be argued that the â€Å"is or is not† test is inappropriate to use as a test for discretionary trusts. This is because the same test is also used in powers of appointment, and since powers and trusts are different from each other, their tests should not be the same. This may be justified on the basis that the â€Å"is or is not† test is more flexible and appropriate, than the complete list test, in cases involving large discretionary trusts. Using the complete list test would invalidate large discretionary trusts on the basis that a complete list cannot be provided. This would clearly not provide a satisfactory result. Therefore, it is suggested that the complete list test is appropriate in fixed trusts since it best ensures compliance with the settlors intentions. Similarly, whilst the â€Å"is or is not† test is probably not the ideal test to apply in discretionary trusts, it is more appropriate than the complete list test used in fixed trusts. Question 2 In his will, Colin leaves  £100,000 to the Hillingbridge Tennis Club, an unincorporated association, to enable it to build an extension to its existing pavilion. The money is paid to Morris, the treasurer of the club, who puts it into a specially opened bank account, which he calls the Extension Account. Soon afterwards, the club is wound up. Discuss Colin left  £100,000 to Hillingbridge Tennis Club to be used for the building of an extension to the pavilion. However, this purpose can no longer be carried out since the club is wound up. There will be a dispute as to who gets the  £100,000. In order to solve this dispute, it will be necessary to work out how the money was held by the club. An unincorporated association has no legal personality and so it is not a legal entity that can hold money. This means that the club cannot be a beneficiary. Hence, a gift to it cannot take effect as a gift on trust for the associations purposes as it offends the beneficiary principle. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the sports club is a charitable association, and so the money cannot take effect as a purpose trust since, such trusts are usually void. The money was paid to the treasurer of the club, Morris, who holds legal title of it. However there is much controversy as to what the basis on which the money is held. The courts have struggled for ways to determine this. Colin left the money to the club for a particular purpose. Therefore, one approach is that the money is held under a Re Denley purpose trust. Under the Re Denley principle, the terms of the trust are stipulated by the donor and the unincorporated association has to use the money in accordance with those terms. In Re Denley, it was held that where a trust is expressed in the form of a purpose, it may still be deemed valid if it can be said to be for the direct or indirect benefit of one or more ascertainable individuals.† Thus, if it is held to be a Re Denley purpose trust, although the members of the club are not beneficiaries, they will have sufficient locus standi to overcome the beneficiary principle, and to enforce the trust. This is only possible in ‘inward looking associations where the performance of the purpose of the trust will benefit the members, who are identifiable persons. It can be argued that the building of the extension to the pavilion will benefit the members since they will need to contribute less money towards the construction of the extension. The building of an extension will also improve the facilities in the club and the members of the club will financially benefit from this. In Re Denley it was not possible to uphold the gift on the basis of the contract holding theory because the gift was not made to an association. However, in our case, the club is as unincorporated association and so the money may have been held in accordance with the contract holding theory. This is the standard approach to the problem of property holding in unincorporated associations. Under the contract holding theory, the money will be considered as a gift to the members subject to their contractual rights and liabilities towards one another. Hence, the trust cannot be subject to the terms stipulated by Colin. It will be subject to the terms of the contract between the members who, collectively, can decide what to do with it. They may use the money according to the purpose for which it was given but are not required to do so. Thus, in Re Lipinski, money left by the testator was, prima facie, subject to the stipulated terms. However, it was held that the gift could be upheld under the contract holding theory provided that the stipulated purpose was an expression of the motive of the gift rather than a binding purpose. This could be the approach adopted here so that the purpose stipulated by Colin is considered to be only a motive. The club did give effect to Colins stipulation as Morris had put the money into a specially opened bank account, which he calls the ‘Extension Account. It may be assumed from its name that the money in the account was to be used in building the extension. However, it is unlikely that the money was used to build the extension since the club wound up soon afterwards. Therefore, in Re Reechers, it was held that a gift to an unincorporated association would have taken effect under the contract holding theory, if it had remained in existence. The gift would have been valid as an accretion under the contract holding theory. Therefore, when an unincorporated association own funds, for ordinary everyday use, there is an assumption that the money is held on contract holding theory and, the gift is an accretion to those funds. This may be applied to the case here if the money in the ‘special account is held to be the ordinary funds of an association. This is unlikely to be the case since it may also be argued that the building of an extension is an ordinary use of funds. Alternatively, it may be argued that this is trivial since, according to the contract holding theory, the money belongs to the members, who may do whatever they want with it. The contract holding theory overcomes the beneficiary principle because although none of the members own a share, collectively, they own the club. Therefore, together, the members can change the terms of the contract, or make any other changes to it, and this is sufficient to satisfy the beneficiary principle. The contract holding theory also overcomes the objection based on perpetuity because the members can collectively access the property and dispose of it, in accordance with the terms of the contract between them. What happens to the money upon dissolution of the club depends on whether the money is held on a Re Denley purpose trust or the contract holding theory. If the money is held on a Re Denley purpose trust, then on the dissolution of the club, the trust will fail and the money will be put on a resulting trust for Colins estate. Colin left the money in his will to the club and the fact that it has been given to Morris implies that Colin is dead. In Re West Sussex, the court assumed that the money was held on trust to carry out the purposes of the association and when it failed, the property was held on a resulting trust to the people who contributed in proportion to their contribution. However, the trust in Re West Essex was not described as a Re Denley trust. On the other hand, in Re Bucks Constabulary Fund, the court reached a different conclusion although the facts were similar to Re West Sussex. It was held that on the dissolution of the Friendly Society the money was to go the members. The decision in Re Bucks reflects the approach adopted today. Therefore, it is likely that the gift will be upheld under the contract holding theory and so the money will go to the members who own it collectively. The club has always been in the ownership of the members, and so it is the contract between them, which determines what happens to the money. Providing that the contract between the members does not prohibit it, the members can divide the money equally between themselves. As the matter concerns the contract between members, there can be no resulting trust since, such trusts only occur in equity. It is likely that the members of the unincorporated association are alive. Hence, the doctrine of bona vacantia will not apply here. Bibliography Burrough v Philcox (1840) 5 My Cr 72 IRC v Broadway Cottages Trust [1955] Ch 20 Neville Estates v Madden [1963] Ch 832 McPhail v Doulton [1971] AC 424 Re West Sussex Constabulary Fund [1971] Ch 1 Re Reechers WT [1972] Ch 526 Re Badens DT (No 2) [1973] Ch 9 Re Lipinskis WT [1976] Ch 235 Re Bucks Constabulary Fund [1978] 2 All ER 571 OT Computers v First National Tricity Finance [2003] EWHC 1010 Haley McMurty, Equity Trusts, (Sweet Maxwell, 2006) at p.52, p.142 Watt, Trusts,(Oxford University Press, 2006) at p. 82 Kevin Boone, The K-Zone http://www.kevinboone.com/lawglos_CertaintyOfObjects.html

Tobacco and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Tobacco and the Brain Recent surveys show that 25 % of all American adults smoke despite the fact that tobacco is the No.1 cause of death (430,000 annual) and disease in this country (1). The life of a 30-year older that smokes 15 cigarettes a day is shortened by an average of more than five years (2). Why do people smoke despite the fact that it shortens their life? Why has this practice of smoking tobacco been around for 1000 years? There must be something that the human body or mind gains in spite of the threat of an early death. I realize this craving for nicotine on a personal level because I smoke. Smoker's self-reported motives for smoking include stress reduction and improved circulation (3). That sounds like my reasons. Plus smoking is like a friend that I visit and have a good time with, something that I enjoy being with. Smoking cigarettes produces a rapid distribution of nicotine throughout the body, and reaching the brain within 10 seconds of inhalation (4). The nicotine causes a release of dopamine, neurotransmitters that carries information across synaptic clefts, in the dopamine circuit. This circuit, known as the brain's pleasure center, is an anatomically small cluster of cells. It has evolved over millions of years and mainly seems to reward activities that increase the likelihood of survival, such as sex and eating. This cluster of cells might be small but it reaches into regions of the brain involved with a variety of tasks (4). . These dopamine-releasing pathways course from the evolutionary older part of the midbrain to the hypothalamus and trigger activity of other cells, that extend from one part of the midbrain to an area in the forebrain known as the nucleus accumbens (2). It also branches out t... ...reatments further improves smoke cessation success rates (4). Considering the high death rate due to smoking and the difficulty of withdrawing from this deadly addiction, it is not a good sign that America's youth cigarette usage is escalating. Smoking prevalence among adolescents has risen dramatically since 1990, with more than 3,000 additional children and adolescents becoming regular users of tobacco each day (1). WWW Sources 1)Quick Facts about Nicotine http://ctri.wisc.edu/sub_dept/quick_facts/ 2)Interesting Science http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 3) Gleitman, H., Fridlun, A., and Reisberg, D. Psychology. Fifth Edition. New York. W.W. Norton & Company. 1999 4)U.S. Government Research Reports , http://nida.gov/researchreports/nicotine/ 5)MSNBC News Website , http://msnbc.msn.com/news/263658.asp .

Corporate Social Responsibility of Maruti Suzuki

â€Å"while working to enhance shareholder wealth , Maruti Suzuki will regularly engage with all stakeholders to assess their needs and through its products, services , conduct and management initiatives , promote their sustained growth and well being Policy Guidelines Company will follow responsible business practices in all its function and operations and will strive to implement them at its suppliers, dealers and other business partners.Company will continue to remain ahead of law in pursuit of environment protection and energy conservation at its manufacturing facilities, and in development of products that use fewer natural resources and are environment friendly Company will deeply committed towards the welfare of its employees, their families and communities around its operations to improve quality of life as whole.Company will develop products and services that fulfill the aspirations of customer,delight them with after sales services and availability of spares, build a stron g and lasting bond with them and proactively support them during natural calamities Company will continue to provide technological and managerial support to its suppliers and dealers to further their profitable and sustainable growth.As an expression of thanks to the local community and the people of the country, company will undertake initiatives that might not be directly linked to its business Company will partner with government, NGOs, business partners to contribute positively towards economic and human development of the society especially underprivileged people.Company will encourage and recognize its employees for volunteering in the community in the sprit of serving and sharing their expertise and skills Company will strive to constantly build organizational capabilities, like any other competency, position suitable people and have a proper organizational structure to ensure implementation of CSR policy, guidelines and programs.Company will engage with reputed external agen cies for audit of its CSR activities for the purpose of identifying areas of improvemet , authenticity of data reporting Company will monitor the progress on various CSR programs in a structured manner, document the performance against the set targets and publish a report every year on its CSR performance and share it wits its key stake-holders.

Power of Group Influence

Power of Group Influence This part of the paper will discuss two group-related incidents. The first incident occurred last Sunday during the group meeting for our Youth Empowerment Movement (YEM). YEM is a multicultural all inclusive Christian youth group that focuses on helping youths cope with challenges, initiating development activities in their community, identification and promotion of youth talents, and promotion of social integration in our communities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During that meeting, Jose and Santos arrived in the meeting very late. In addressing them our chairman said that â€Å"you two Hispanics it quite clear that you are always late for meetings, I think it’s your culture that encourages this lazy behaviour and due to your laziness I demand written explanation to this effect and an apology to the other members.† Coincidentally, the two w ere the only members of Hispanics origin in our group and were the only people who were late that day. The second incidence occurred in our advanced calculus lecture when the lecturer was handing back our continuous assessment results. During that time, the lecturer, while referring to smith, said that â€Å"you Japanese it seems that you and your people you do not perform well in my classes.† These statements were discriminatory since referring to people by their race/ethnicity can be quite discriminating especially in situation where these people are perceived as minority. In addition, these statements were very discriminatory due to the fact of associating any people’s race/ethnicity with laziness or non-performing aspects, hence a bias incident. Further, the remarks can fuel racial divisions or misunderstandings within the group, since it can be interpreted as racial bias of given people to the others, thus, members of the group may start taking sides. I agree with the statement that, â€Å"never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world.† This is because, normally, a good idea or intention comes from one person or a small group that then spreads and works for it, which eventually helps other people and the world at large. For example, the International Red Cross Movement was founded from the idea of a young Swiss businessman, Jean Henry Dunant, who after witnessing condition of wounded soldiers in 1859 during the battle of Franco-Austrian, organized for relief services with the help of the local community immediately (Indian Red Cross, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this event, Henry wrote a book Memory of Solferino, which he used it to influence like-minded people around the world who during the Geneva Convention of 1864 founded the International Red Cross that serves the wor ld in times of difficulties such as hunger, war and diseases (Indian Red Cross, 2008). Noble idea of few committed citizens has led to revolution or creation of countries that have significantly transformed the world in many ways. For example, the Founding Fathers of the United States of America were a small group of political leaders and statesmen, who took part in the American Revolution by signing the United States Declaration of Independence in July 4, 1776 and establishing the United States Constitution (Founding Fathers, 2010). Through their visionary leadership, these leaders were able to create a great nation that has been able to intervene in various global matters ranging from hunger, peace initiatives, war, and transformation of the world in various other aspects such as democracy, capitalism, and technological advancements. In support of the earlier statement, it is very clear that masses generally do not come up with a great idea; rather, it is the leaders or a small po rtion of the population that come up with the original idea and spread it to the larger population. This population eventually adopts it, leading to a successful group influence, which can be felt even globally. References Founding Fathers. (2010). History of the USA. Retrieved from: foundingfathers.info/. Indian Red Cross. (2008). History of Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Retrieved from indianredcross.org/origin.htm.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Compare and contrast auditory system and optical system

Compare and contrast auditory system and optical system Two of the most important sensory systems in human body are optical system and auditory system. Optical system or sometime called visual system involved in the process of taken amount of stimuli and transfer it into some figure that we can perceive as images that make senses. Auditory systems involved in sound wave that transduced by drum ear into some kind of vibration that eventually gets converted back into wave what we perceive as noise. There are a lot of similarities in their mechanisms of how they gather, carry and prepare those informations from sensory neurons. However, there are also a lots of differences on how each system operated and where does it takes information into difference area of the brain.For both systems, optical and auditory, the information comes from our environment in many forms. For example, optical system detected all still images and image in motion as far as human eyes can see.en:Steps involved in hearing speech: Sound signals...The auditory is ready t o absorb any noise or sound for twenty-four hours a day. Their structures and mechanisms are similar in a way they gather information, prepare and perceive those information into something that make sense in our brain. After the sensory neurons carry information into specific system each detect, transduce and coding those information before they being send to central system, the brain. Both systems have similar structure that transmit those information to the final destination, the brain.Even though, both system basic the same. Each system perceive those information that perceive from sensory neuron in totally different way. For instance, optical system receive visible spectrum of wave of electromagnetic radiation. The frequency of wave created color and distinguish brightness by amplitude. In auditory system, the frequency of wave created tone ( pitch) and loudness by amplitude.For the optical system, the cornea...

Political Theory-Facism Failure essays

Political Theory-Facism Failure essays Although it may be difficult to say one school of political thought is superior to another, we can certainly distinguish between and assess the various types. Most every political systems ideology focuses on the attainment of a content, peaceful, and productive society, whether it be a pure Democratic society, Socialism, Agrarian Republicanism, or Communitariansim. The instrumentation one must use to evaluate the disciplines of political thought must be the successful achievement of their intended goals, its adaptability to a society, and the historical results of their implementation into a society. In order to evaluate any political thought, one must first acknowledge that no political ideology has been implemented in its purest, intended form. For example, the United States is certainly not a true democracy. In this example, the political philosophy has been tainted by those in power and eventually evolved into an altered hodgepodge of political theories. To clarify, the U.S., under Franklin D. Roosevelts and again during Lyndon Johnsons leadership, displayed clear attributes of socialism due to their social welfare programs. Once this has been established, the goals of a political philosophy can be assessed. Using the aforementioned tools, one ideology we can examine is fascism. This school of thought seeks to revitalize the social, economic, and cultural facets of a nation through ethnic or national pride. However, it rejects ideas such as freedom and individual rights, and often presses for the destruction of elections and legislatures. While the goal of the political thought is well meaning, the costs to its achievement is clearly very high. When fascisms adaptation to society is examined, it becomes even simpler to judge it as a political thought. The first societies, or nations, to adapt this frame of politics were Italy and Germany in the earlier half of the 20th century. These ...

Forester explored the idea of the foreigner who is reborn in Italy Essay

Forester explored the idea of the foreigner who is reborn in Italy - Essay Example The tragic comedy developed by Forester outlines various consequences faced in marriages through the example of Lilia and Gino. While Philip and Miss Abott go to fight for the custody of Lilia’s son, Italy transforms them in a positive way. Italy significantly changes Philip to an understanding and a loving person. When Lilia was to about get married to Gino, Lilia’s mother-in-law dispatched Philip, a barrister and aesthete, to go and stop the marriage only to find out that they had married. Philip’s goes to Italy amidst his dislike of the place. Forster (6) asserts that Philip never liked Italy. The author states that, â€Å"And Philip, whom the idea of Italy always intoxicated, had started again, telling her of the supreme moments of her journey- the Campanile of Airolo, which would burst on her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Forster 6). This excerpt indicates that Philip hated Italy with passion hence went upon the request of her mother to stop Lilia’s marriage to Gin o. In life, there are many times that individuals engage in actions where they are deemed not to due to challenges. Philip hated Italy with passion but accepted to go upon the request of his mother. From this excerpt, it is true that every individual who wants to achieve success and progress must endure various challenges, like Philip endured his dislike for Italy in order to stop the wedding between Lilia and Gino. Foster (6) adds that, â€Å"They all smiled steadily, excepting Philip, who was choking in the fog†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is an indication that while he was there, Philip hated Italy. Nonetheless, he had to go and fulfill his mission despite the hatred. Every individual needs to focus on their success and progress without taking into considerations challenges associated. Had Philip followed his hatred for Italy, he would not have gone for the mission in the first place. After their return back home, Lilia wrote to them many letters from Italy. At this time, Philip still had strong hatred for Italy. However, in very few occasions, he was getting excited with Italy. For instance, when Lilia letter came from Monteriano, Italy, Philip was so excited (Foster 10). According to the author, â€Å"The letter was from Monteriano, and concluded with a not unsuccessful description of the wonderful little town†. It seems from this excerpt that Philip hated Italy before he had actually seen the place. However, after visiting the place for the first time during a mission to save Lilia from getting married to Gino, Philip started appreciating the beauty of Italy. Like scholars have asserted from the classical period, it is irrational for individuals to judge ‘books from their covers’. Philip had judged Italy without seeing the place. Having visited the place during his mission, Philip appreciated the beauty of the place to the extent that he wanted to go back again. While on their way to Italy, Philip had a chance of talking at length with Miss Ab ott. The two got involved in an intensive conversation throughout their journey into Monteriano. As Philip and Miss Abott got into conversation, they developed likings towards each other to the extent that romantic and love topics were brought into the conversation. Foster (22) clearly puts it that, â€Å"

Strategic Systems Integration Planning of the Heelz Boutique Essay

Strategic Systems Integration Planning of the Heelz Boutique - Essay Example Choi (2014, p. 260) defined as, â€Å"software that is distributed with its source code under a license that sets out terms and conditions for use, modification, and re-distribution.† Subramanyam and Xia (2008) also provided similar kind of definition while describing the characteristics of Open Source Software (OSS). It is evident from the definition that OSS is being developed through geographically distributed software development platform and online community for volunteer developers. In the last two decades, Open Source Software (OSS) attracted significant amount of attention from business houses, researchers, governments, and researchers, as a lucrative alternative to expensive packaged proprietary software from commercial vendors due to advantages like lower costs and flexibility (Noyes, 2011; Choi, 2014). Subramaniam, Sen, and Nelson (2009) gave examples of renowned OSS such as Firefox (a web browser), MySQL (a relational database management system), Linux (operating s ystem) and Apache (a web server). Open source development depends heavily on the support of the self-organizing community, users and business clients (Crowston, Annabi and Howison, 2003; Crowston et al, 2007). On the other hand, expensive packaged proprietary software from commercial vendors is being developed by paid software developers and such software is being rigorously tested by system engineers. On contrary, OSS is being supervised by volunteer members. Therefore, a degree of systematic approach is pretty less for OSS in comparison to proprietary software.

Criminal Psychology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Criminal Psychology - Case Study Example Indiana ) The majority reached this conclusion based on the fact that the petitioner was deaf, had no ability to read or write and that it was doubtful that the petitioner could even develop an ability to communicate by sign language. Since the petitioner was entirely unable to communicate, it was decided that he should be hospitalized until that time in which he could testify. In the case that he would never be able to communicate, the defendant would be hospitalized permanently. Since Case was found 'not guilty', his term of hospitalization depends entirely upon his own mental state. In the case of Jones vs. United States, the petitioner, Jones, committed a range of felonies and upon hospitalization was diagnosed "Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type." (Jones vs. United States)Jones was eventually granted acquittal based on Insanity, and was hospitalized until considered stable. Since Case was labeled "legally insane," he could be hospitalized until stable in a similar situation. Question 2 An actuarial risk assessment tool is used to predict a dangerous behavior as well as the rate of recurrence, impact and likely victims of said behavior. One such assessment tool used for preventing violence was presented by Patterson and colleagues. This is the SAD PERSONS mnemonic, and it is used to prevent suicides by the interpretation of collected data concerning the possibly suicidal nature of the individual. The VISAT, or Victorian Intervention Screening Assessment Tool, is a risk assessment tool used for sexual offenders. The VISAT uses Corrections personnel to predict future occurrences of criminal behavior base on information about the offender. VISAT also focuses upon 'changeable' aspects of the offender's life in order to indicate where risk is high or where treatment could be effective.There are several positive outcomes of Actuarial risk assessment. Through its process, correctional personnel are able to predict a criminal profile so as to identify when and where a crim inal will commit a felony. Such felonies may be prevented by the use of actuarial risk assessment. However, this type of risk assessment is subject to personal opinion, and one wonders how accurate such a prediction could be. In structure clinical judgment, the assessment is based on clinical interviews and observation. Clinical judgment has the added bonus of a professional opinion administered by a trained clinician. However, structure clinical judgment does not include statistical information of any kind; the assessment is based solely on one person's opinion. In the end, there is always the presence of human error.Currently, the relationship between mental illness and crime seems to be effective. According to Jeanne Y. Choe and colleagues, the highest percentage of offenders occurs in committed patients before hospitalization. This seems

Minimalism, functionalism and neo-eclectic Essay

Minimalism, functionalism and neo-eclectic - Essay Example Another important feature was simplicity. Simplicity was introduced to make a structure appear more natural and thus more livable. Smallness and simplicity thus became the core of minimalist aesthetics and have been associated with such important names as Walter Gropius, Alberto Giacometti, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, Constantin Brancusi, Le Corbusier, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Barth has explained the minimalist doctrine in these words: "artistic effect may be enhanced by a radical economy of artistic means, even where such parsimony comprises other values: completeness, for example, or richness or precision of statement". Functionalism as the word suggests is a movement that focused on utility of structures. It was felt that a structure must do what it is intended to do. And while the movement may have suffered from ambiguity, no one can seriously deny the effectives of the basic doctrine of functionalism. Every object must be created to perform that job it is int ended to perform. It was felt that each part of a structure must serve a purpose. It was a rather austere and neutral approach to building as if a work of art was suddenly stripped off its soul. While utility was an important characteristic and one that even modern architects cannot ignore, basic aesthetic values were largely ignored and this gave rise to criticism. It was argued that if utility is taken a bit too far, things other than utility may take a backseat and thus the entire approach suffers. This has been interestingly explained by Pile (1979) in these words: "Simplistic discussions of function in design often lose sight of the complexity of multiple functional requirements that characterize the development of most modern objects. If one supposes that each thing has a function, it can seem that discussions of this matter are pointless. The definition of a chair, after all, requires that any chair can be sat in. Similarly, all knives must cut, airplanes fly, and failure in this kind of primary function dooms an object to total failure and, in all probability, to the junk heap. In practice, every object has, in addition to the obvious primary function, many other subsidiary

Rama Plaza Building Collapse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rama Plaza Building Collapse - Essay Example While the signing of agreements is a good indication of goodwill, it is essential to consider other issues which will guarantee that employees are treated in the best way possible. Signing go many agreements is however no guarantee that safety is going to improve. Yet, these agreements only make the relationship between workers and employers to be tortuous. It cannot be stressed enough that such unfortunate events as the Rana Plaza accidents are unacceptable in any way. In this regard, firms and industries must be able to have a good way for protecting their workers (Ehap & Salim, 67). Manufacturers must not depend on rules and laws in order to protect human life. Human life is way too important, and the value of human life should not be valued based on econometrics. This means that these firms need to be able to look at these issues in a better way rather than just creating rules and laws and loo at worker safety in a very serious way. In a modern business world, competition has con tinued to increase in this regard; there are many strategies which are mean to help in making sure that businesses are competent. In this regard, business experts has developed the value chain process is the life cycle a product goes through until the product gets to the end consumer (Ehap & Salim, 66). This process is a definition of the costs which the firms will have to incur in order produce a finished item. In other words, the many businesses are geared towards making sure that the firm can present the best quality of their merchandise to their consumer while offering them the best price possible. This has led to businesses trying as much as possible to reduce their operational costs (Ehap & Salim, 78). In this case, human resource has been affected because firms have tried as much as possible to reduce the cost of human labour, leading to firms in the first world to outsource their labour aboard (especially in China) in order to have cheap labour. This means that events such a s the Rana Plaza industrial accident can be traced back to the consumer. To prevent this in the future, it is necessary to involve the consumer and help them understand the real cost of the product thy use. Some cheap products in the market are paid for in blood because humans have been abused to make these products. This can be seen in the way the Chinese sweat houses are used to make low cost garments. This has been seen in other various cases such as in Apple Inc., Nike etc. Consumers need to be educated about these issues and encouraged to avoid blood-products (in other words, products whose real cost is human blood.) by educating the end consumers on these issues it will be possible to avoid instances such as the Rana Plaza. In doing so, firms must be forced to reveal the actual cost structure of producing their products in order to identify any blood cost in their production of goods or in their value chain. From a single business point of view, there is therefore a need to cr eate a solution which is not really considerate of the economic efficiency. Businesses have responsibilities which are tied to various stakeholders and these responsibilities must be met before economic efficiency can be considered. However, in the long run, focusing on these responsibilities will also help individual businesses to save in the long run. A firm

Family Owned Real Estate Properties in London Dissertation

Family Owned Real Estate Properties in London - Dissertation Example This particular paper focused on family owned real estate businesses that are located within the City of London. Among the most prominent real estate companies that are family owned, include the Grosvenor Estate, the Cadogan Estate, the Howard de Walden Estate, and the Portman Estate. According to Darlow (2013), these companies have a big shareholding in the London property market mostly because their founders acquired land in the earlier centuries when land the price of land was low (Darlow, 2013). These families have held the ownership of the parcels of land till the present times when the lands are being developed to property and real estate (Wheaton & Torto, 1990). However, it is important to note that besides these prominent families, there are other small family owned real estate companies that also own a small number of real estate within the London. Whilst focusing on family owned real estate companies in London, the research study focused on the aspect of management in these companies and in particular how the collaborations of property agents work with these family owned businesses. A property agent or a real estate agent is described as an individual that has been approved and issued with a license that enables him to represent either a landowner or a land buyer in a real estate transaction. Such an individual earns a brokerage commission out of such a deal (Mccrea, 2005). Besides the brokerage services, property agents also act as agents for the owners of residential and commercial properties.

Minimalism, functionalism and neo-eclectic Essay

Minimalism, functionalism and neo-eclectic - Essay Example Another important feature was simplicity. Simplicity was introduced to make a structure appear more natural and thus more livable. Smallness and simplicity thus became the core of minimalist aesthetics and have been associated with such important names as Walter Gropius, Alberto Giacometti, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, Constantin Brancusi, Le Corbusier, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Barth has explained the minimalist doctrine in these words: "artistic effect may be enhanced by a radical economy of artistic means, even where such parsimony comprises other values: completeness, for example, or richness or precision of statement". Functionalism as the word suggests is a movement that focused on utility of structures. It was felt that a structure must do what it is intended to do. And while the movement may have suffered from ambiguity, no one can seriously deny the effectives of the basic doctrine of functionalism. Every object must be created to perform that job it is int ended to perform. It was felt that each part of a structure must serve a purpose. It was a rather austere and neutral approach to building as if a work of art was suddenly stripped off its soul. While utility was an important characteristic and one that even modern architects cannot ignore, basic aesthetic values were largely ignored and this gave rise to criticism. It was argued that if utility is taken a bit too far, things other than utility may take a backseat and thus the entire approach suffers. This has been interestingly explained by Pile (1979) in these words: "Simplistic discussions of function in design often lose sight of the complexity of multiple functional requirements that characterize the development of most modern objects. If one supposes that each thing has a function, it can seem that discussions of this matter are pointless. The definition of a chair, after all, requires that any chair can be sat in. Similarly, all knives must cut, airplanes fly, and failure in this kind of primary function dooms an object to total failure and, in all probability, to the junk heap. In practice, every object has, in addition to the obvious primary function, many other subsidiary

Family Owned Real Estate Properties in London Dissertation

Family Owned Real Estate Properties in London - Dissertation Example This particular paper focused on family owned real estate businesses that are located within the City of London. Among the most prominent real estate companies that are family owned, include the Grosvenor Estate, the Cadogan Estate, the Howard de Walden Estate, and the Portman Estate. According to Darlow (2013), these companies have a big shareholding in the London property market mostly because their founders acquired land in the earlier centuries when land the price of land was low (Darlow, 2013). These families have held the ownership of the parcels of land till the present times when the lands are being developed to property and real estate (Wheaton & Torto, 1990). However, it is important to note that besides these prominent families, there are other small family owned real estate companies that also own a small number of real estate within the London. Whilst focusing on family owned real estate companies in London, the research study focused on the aspect of management in these companies and in particular how the collaborations of property agents work with these family owned businesses. A property agent or a real estate agent is described as an individual that has been approved and issued with a license that enables him to represent either a landowner or a land buyer in a real estate transaction. Such an individual earns a brokerage commission out of such a deal (Mccrea, 2005). Besides the brokerage services, property agents also act as agents for the owners of residential and commercial properties.

Riordan Manufacturing Security Essay Example for Free

Riordan Manufacturing Security Essay Team â€Å"C† was hired by Riordan Manufacturing management to overhaul the security features currently employed by the company. Management outlined a comprehensive plan that included a complete hardware refresh, security best practices and end user training. Team â€Å"C† will devote resources to assess the physical and network security issues and concerns at each Riordan plant. Once those have been identified, Team â€Å"C† will identify the data security issues and concerns present at each Riordan plant. Finally, Team â€Å"C† will address web security issues and concerns present at each Riordan plant and recommend a way forward for the company. Riordan Manufacturing Background Riordan Manufacturing is a global plastics manufacturer employing 550 people with projected annual earnings of $46 million. The company is wholly owned by Riordan Industries, a Fortune 1000 enterprise with revenues in excess of $1 billion. Its products include plastic beverage containers produced at its plant in Albany, Georgia, custom plastic parts produced at its plant in Pontiac, Michigan, and plastic fan parts produced at its facilities in Hangzhou, China. The companys research and development is done at the corporate headquarters in San Jose. Riordans major customers are automotive parts manufacturers, aircraft manufacturers, the Department of Defense, beverage makers and bottlers, and appliance manufacturers (Riordan Manufacturing, 2013). Each site manages their network that communicates directly with the corporate office in San Jose. The three outlying sites do not communicate with each other without going directly through the corporate office. This is the biggest change Team â€Å"C† will propose. Communications between the four networks should be real time and should be linked. Physical Security Concerns  The initial review of the physical security of the Riordan Manufacturing Network identified some major concerns: * Single point of failure The three outlining networks run through the corporate office in order to share information. If the corporate office is down, then the information from the other three offices cannot be shared. * Lack of Redundancy The networks currently only have one path out. For instance, if the gateway/switch at the Hangzhou, China plant goes down, the various departments running off that switch will be isolated from the rest of the network. Communication Barrier Communication between the three US bases sites with the Hangzhou site could pose some challenges. Ensure the physical security policies employed in the United States are also allowed in China. * Facility Security There was not much mention of the physical security aspects that are employed at each site. Recommend doing a comprehensive review of the physical security of each complex and recommend security features to each distinct location. Highly recommend the corporate office shift to a common access card (CAC) entry to the facility. Backups – Did not see a backup plan. Ensure backups are conducted daily and the off-site copies are maintained. Network Security Concerns The Network security aspects of our review are aligned with most of what was identified with the physical concerns. There are additionally items that identified that need to be addressed: * Language. The three US site networks will have to be able to receive data through the Chinese network (Compatibility issue). Ensure that the US based networks are able to receive and process Chinese code/language. Security Policy – Ensure that the strict policies enforced on the three US based networks will be compliant in China. The Chinese government has strict restrictions on information access. Need to ensure Chinese security policies are followed and that company information is not compromised. * Single point of failure – As addressed in the physical security, the networks as constructed have various single points of failure. If a switch or router goes down, the whole network is isolated from conducting business. Different Operating Environments Most of the company is running on Windows 7 environment, however, MAC PRO’s are being used at the corporate office and this could lead to some compatibility issues between Windows and MAC environments. * Obsolete equipment – Many of the sites are using old network equipment. Recommend investing in new switches and routers to enhance the processing and network speed. Conclusion Team â€Å"C† has identified numerous areas of concern with the Riordan networks. Those items will be address individually at each location and be submitted in a comprehensive review.

Domestic violence: Social-cultural perspectives

Domestic violence: Social-cultural perspectives Domestic violence has been a serious social problem in many families, not only in the United States and United Kingdoms, but across the world. As per the 2003 surveys of the Centers for Disease Control, domestic problems or home violence had affected at least 32 million Americans (Bancroft, LT, Jay, GS. 2003). Research studies have also shown that different countries have various ways of dealing with the family violence, its public awareness, perception and documentation are all prone to variations from State to State. Actually, the initial use of the concept Domestic violence can be traced back to 1977 when it was first identified as serious and growing phenomena, following a series of researches (Archer, J.2000, Waits, K., 1985). These are a few manifestations that domestic violence has been a critical issue in many societies. It therefore deserved or still deserves to be given extra attention. This paper delves into the same, in attempt to find out, compile and discuss on issues surrounding domestic violence from different perspectives, and perhaps shed more light on the numerous cases of violence and social turbulences in homes and families. Introduction The concept Domestic violence have also commonly been referred to as spousal abuse, domestic abuse, intimate partner violence, or child abuse depending on who is victimized or affected in a way by the violence at home (Johnson, M., 2000). Reading through the work of Bancroft and Jay, spousal, child or domestic abuse is the act or the behavior of violence against a child, or a spouse. It is a raging conflict that may exist within a relationship perceived as very intimate, the cases of violence in families, marriages, between friends, in dating and all the intimate relationships categorically enclosed (Bancroft, LT, Jay, GS, 2003). According to the U.S Office on Violence against Women, domestic violence had been defined as a pattern of abusive conduct in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and authority over the other and control over an intimate partner (Johnson, M., 2000). In the year 2004, the Spanish Measures of Integral Protection against gender Violence contended that gender violence is the violence directed at women from the very fact of being a woman. This had been one of the most controversial and brutal sense of gender inequality ever witnessed in the history of domestic violence (Waits, K.1985). Intimate partner violence (IPV) assumes many patterns of abuse. Among such things that research studies have categorized as behaviors of violence are assault, insults, beating in any form i.e. kicking, slapping or hitting with anything, shoving, sexual abuses, emotional and psychological torture, economic deprivation, maltreatments, slavery and many alike (Waits, K.1985).According to Robertson and his research counterparts, domestic violence have been attributed to a number of possible causes, ranging from alcoholism to mental illnesses (Robertson, KP, Murachver,TM., 2009). Aim and Objective The aim of this paper is to discuss at length issues of domestic violence from different social-cultural perspectives. The paper seeks to address the mushrooming challenges surrounding social demographics i.e. families and homes across the societal divides. Its objective is to give a succinct elaboration on what many researchers hold to be right or wrong about the domestic violence. It investigates into the previous research findings and methods that had been employed to establish whether the spousal, child or family abuses could be brought to a permanent end, or the society have to live with and appreciate the violence as part of life. Literature Review United States as a point of reference is the one State that researches have shown to contribute a greater magnitude of long lasting domestic violence. Prolonged account of legal precedents pertaining to spousal abuses and relationship conflicts were common trends in the United States (Waits, K.1985).Similar cases have continuously been observed in the rest of the societies of the world. This implies that domestic violence have been a worldwide socio-cultural fiasco, not narrowed to the United States alone (Waits, K.1985). Many research studies have found that the most affected by the domestic violence are women. To begin with, the research conducted by Robertson and Murachver revealed that women were the first victims of all domestic chaos in every society. They emphasize many women were being battered, assaulted, insulted, sexually abused, emotionally and psychologically tortured by family affairs, and all manners of family violence (Robertson, KP, Murachver, TM. 2009).Backing up the claims of these researchers was Bancroft and his research colleagues. They too emphasized that even though domestic violence affected all the members of families, including children and the spouses, women were faced with the most staid domestic challenges resulting from the social conflicts and violence (Bancroft, LT, Jay, GS, 2003). The arguments and assertions of these researchers were however met by stern resistance from the National Institute of Justice whose research findings pointed out that both women and men were affected equally by domestic violence, and that to some extent or in some cases, men were faced with most challenges than could be compared to their wives and children (Waits, K., 1985, The Criminal Justice Response to Battering). The findings of the National Institute of Justice further contended men from a few families were also battered, assaulted and insulted by women, and so, justice had to prevail when handling domestic issues (Wait, K., 1985). However, the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) further refuted the findings of National Institute of Justice (NIJ), arguing that male and female spousal assaults could not be rated similarly as the research studies of the NIJ posited (Wait, K., 1985).The CDCP and BJS studies held there was more violence of men against women, men assaulting women, and not otherwise. Debates surrounding domestic violence were becoming controversial and highly contested. Archer Jefferson and other conflict resolution researchers also had their own stand. They opposed the assumption of gender equity or gender neutrality in domestic violence as held by some research scholars and civil rights movements (Archer, J., 2000) Pertinent to domestic violence characterized by controversial debates and arguments, there were also emerging gender movements whose major aims were to defend themselves against the claims on who between men and women violated the family peace accords the most. The first of such movements was a womens movement that beginning in 1970s (Bancroft, LT, Jay, GS, 2003).This movement was concerned with womens rights which held that men were ruthlessly abusing their wives. This move was later to be countered by the masculine movements commencing from1990s. Modern attention given to domestic chaos put into consideration factors that could have led to commencement of the gender conflicts and domestic fiascos (Bancroft, LT, Jay, GS, 2003). Survey estimates have, too, indicated that in every 1000 females, approximately 240 were victims of domestic assaults as compared to only 76 in every 1000 men going through the same domestic traumas (Robertson, KP, Murachver, TM. 2009). Nevertheless, some anonymous reports released in 1997 revealed that a good number of men who suffer from the wraths and brutalities of women fail to say so, therefore living no substantial evidence that could be used to approve to what extent men suffer the domestic violence concomitant to women The reports, however, noted that there were no certified proves that men under-reported their cases than women or the vise versa (Robertson, KP, Murachver, TM. 2009). The reports were though more categorical on the case of female reportage of domestic violence, admitting that a significant percentage of women were likely to accept they were being abused by their partners. This, according to reports, had been one of the challenges facing men, the fear to admit for safeguarding the perception of the masculine gender (Robertson, KP, Murachver, TM. 2009) Research Methodologies Among the most commonly used and criticized research methodology in investigating gender domestic violence was the use of Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) survey tool. CTS was found in 1970 as a tool used in measuring the extent of domestic and gender conflicts through surveys and compilation of data. This research methodology was, however, met with stern criticisms and dissatisfaction by other research bodies like the U.S National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) (Waits, K., 1985). The above highlighted research organs commonly contended that the use of CTS in research was not effective in a number of ways. It did not measure critical domestic violence aspects such as coercion, control, sexual assaults by ex-partners or partners, factors contributing to the domestic and gender violence (Waits, K., 1985). For such concrete assertions against the use of CTS, other research methodologies have been preferred in investigating issues of domestic violence. Such methodologies as filling of questionnaires, field researches, desk research, and interviews have commonly been utilized. Results and Findings The major findings concerning domestic violence is that women are generally the most victimized, though a number of other researches claim otherwise. Like-wisely, a significant percentage of men have fallen victims of gender violence. Debates as to whether it is women or men that suffer the consequences of domestic violence the most is still unsettled, with both genders pointing accusing fingers on who should be accused of violating the family piece accords almost always. Causes of domestic violence so highlighted indicate that alcoholism plays a significant role in instigating family violence, making the male gender to be the first culprit to be accused of the assaults and insults in the families. This follows the general notion that a better percentage of men are drunkards as compared to women. Other factors contributing towards the same are misunderstandings, mental illnesses, poverty, communication conflicts and cultural diversities (Robertson, KP., Murchver ,TM., 2009, Attributes and attributions associated with female and male partner violence). Discussions and Conclusion The so called domestic violence has no boundaries or limits. It can possibly take place in any family at any time. This, as Robertson and Murachver confirms, is very true in the cases of psychological abuses. After all, the violence doesnt need to go physical or get aggressive through attacks, and family skirmishes. Many psychological researchers have incessantly pointed out that the psychological kind of abuses in families present more severe consequences than could be compared to the equally consequential physical and aggressive domestic violence (Archer. 2000).Emotional abuses though minimal as the many surveys on domestic matters indicate, they leave prolonged and long lasting tensions (Robinson, KP, Murachver,TM, 2009). In conclusion, domestic violence may be regarded as part and parcel of life that both men and women should learn how to manage, appreciate and live with. ukessays>essays>classics Essays Roman Social Life ukessays>essays>classics Essays Roman Social Life What can the decoration and layout of the Pompeian house tell us about Roman social life? The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79AD, and the subsequent destruction of Pompeii, and it’s near neighbour, Herculaneum; offers us a unique glimpse into Roman life at the end of the first century AD. There are, however, certain problems that must be understood before a discussion of Roman social life can be attempted. Pompeii was not a Roman city in the sense that it had not been founded by Roman citizens. At the time of its destruction it was already very old and had been inhabited by many generations of people from disparate backgrounds that came together to form their own uniquely structured society. From the early second century BC it is possible to identify four separate and distinct concepts of urban organisation within the city. It should further be noted that only a relatively small part of the city has been excavated to this point, and so any argument from archaeology will always be incomplete. The literary sources are even more problematic, Ancient authors rarely mention Pompeii before the first century BC and even after this date the sources are far from extensive. The writings of Varro (C.116-27BC), Vitruvius (fl.20-10BC) and Pliny the Younger (C.62-110AD) are our main sources. Archaeologists working at Pompeii, and indeed elsewhere, have tended to be classically trained scholars. The tendency of such scholars has been to interpret their finds in ways that are analogous to the Latin textual tradition. This is to say that scholars tend to assume that a given room in a given house must have been for an activity typically mentioned in one the sources. From the time of the very first excavations at Pompeii, a similarity was seen between the ideal plan of a Roman house set out in Vitruvius, and the floor plans of the many houses being unearthed. Terms deriving from Varro’s language study and Pliny the Youngers’ descriptions of his own country villas have also been applied to the floor plans at Pompeii. It is indeed common practice to label a room with a Latin term as soon as it is excavated. As a result of this, perhaps natural tendency, the archaeological remains have been interpreted in combination with textual references, and plans of Pompeian h ouses are general labelled with such terms. Some modern scholars even translate the Latin terms into the assumed appropriate modern equivalent. The implication of this is that we are given the impression that we are far better informed than we in reality are, as to the nature of the activity that occurred in any given room in a Pompeian house. Some of the terminology used by ancient authors, and followed by modern scholars, was undoubtedly used by Pompeians, but any assignment of labels to rooms should be treated with a due amount of caution. Amongst other problems, this assumes that the function of rooms did not change over time and that individual rooms served only one function, such as they largely do in the modern world. Relatively recently Wallace-Hardrill has offered a very convincing description of the social structure of Roman houses, demonstrating that the entire space of the house was arranged to present the identity and status of the owner to the surrounding community. This may seem an obvious point, but in relation to the question, it is a vital one to note. The social function of a house determined both the layout of the rooms and the choice of decoration within each room. There are two especially characteristic elements to this social function, namely the different use made of space depending on the type of visitor to the house, and the significance of the extravagant dimensions and the wasted space as an example of conspicuous consumption. Ancient authors present us with an image of clients waiting in the atrium for an audience with a wealthy patron as a yard-stick of the social status of that patron. He would receive more important guests in smaller rooms closer to the interior of the house. Often more secluded rooms were used if the discussions were considered private. Close friends would come to dinner in dining areas that were specifically and deliberately located at the rear of the garden peristyle. A social pecking order was thus easily established, corresponding to the increasing access given to the interior of the house. It is evident that architects took great pains when designing the peristyles of Pompeian houses, to ensure that a guest would receive the most comprehensive impression of the size of the patrons’ home. An example of the way this was achieved was to locate the largest and most impressive rooms around the peristyle courts so that all would be visible, along with the garden, as a guest was taken to the patron. The number of reception rooms, and indeed the total number of rooms, played a significant role in determining the rank of the household and the social status of the patron within the social hierarchy of the city. A wealthy homeowner would have a home large enough to receive guests in different areas depending on their numbers, social status, time of the day, season etc. This ability to choose the location of reception was key in establishing ones social status. Although the amount of money spent on a persons house was not always directly proportional to the individuals wealth, some relationship is certain, as today, it was the most expensive item in the family budget. In order to purchase a large and impressive dwelling, one that would indicate high social rank, considerable amounts of money were required. There were also ancillary costs to consider, high social status was implied from having a large number of slaves and household attendants; all of whom had to be housed themselves. A measure of the importance of an impressive house in determining social status of the senatorial class is indicated by the amount of debt Cicero incurred in order to obtain his house on the Palatine. The character of Trimalchio in Petronius Satyricon is also not unaware of the importance of a grand house. With his expensive and extensive house he can hope to be held in high esteem. In the description of the house all of the rooms are on a grand scale. Trimalchio relates that when ‘Scaurus’ came to town he preferred to stay with Trimalchio rather than in his own house by the sea. By spending large sums of money, Trimalchio can hope to raise his social status among the wealthy elite; such thinking can no doubt be applied to any town within the Roman Empire, and certainly to Pompeii. Quite naturally, the preceding discussion only applies to the wealthy and socially prominent. They were the only rank in Pompeian society who needed (or could afford) large atria to receive clients, or large dining rooms to entertain friends. It should be noted the Pompeian society, an indeed Roman society as a whole, was competitive and there was relatively extensive upward mobility, or at least the desire sue such. The social elites created a model for their less wealthy and powerful contemporise through their activities and particularly through the style in which they lived, at least when they placed themselves on ostentatious open display, as was the purpose of a grand house. Decoration, as well as size and general layout, was also used as a means of indicating, or attaining a certain social status. Thus both architecture and interior design were employed in the competition for social status in Pompeian society. The natural side effects of this were stylistic developments in the various arts and crafts employed in interior dà ©cor, especially in painting. It has been argued that room function can be determined from the decorative schemes and that the more elaborate decoration was in rooms that were most likely to be seen by visitors; whilst probably broadly true, as Wallace-Hadrill has shown, arguments based on the premise of a precise relationship between archaeological remains at Pompeii and the surviving textual source tradition are often trapped in circular arguments. The extensive nature of the decorations in the Pompeian house, and indeed in houses throughout the Roman world, tell us much about the social life of the inhabitants. The fact that Pompeian houses were extensively decorated, and particularly those areas through which visitors would pass, or in which they would stay for extended periods, such as reception rooms and dining rooms, tells us that visitors were common. Houses, therefore, performed a very significant social function. Not only were they areas in which to live, they were also designed and decorated to present the owner in the best possible light, to indicate to the world his wealth and social standing. The Interpretation of individual rooms is, as already mentioned, problematic. Archaeologists and classical historians tend to interpret the Pompeian house without any consideration of the contents of a given room at the time of the eruption. Whilst it is obvious that some fixtures, such as cooking hearths, shrines, water-catchment areas and garden colonnades provide a good indication of room use, no systematic evaluation of room contents at Pompeii has ever been made. With this in mind, it should be recognised that an understanding of the social significance of decoration in the Pompeian house can never be complete as decoration surely implies the contents of any given room and not just the wall decoration. One final point that should be made is that decorating a part of a house for the purposes of social display was not a specifically, or even an originally Roman idea. In Greek cities of the classical period the houses of the rich were more elaborately constructed and better furnished and decorated then those belonging to people from a lower social level. A wealthy visitor to an Athenian house of the fifth or fourth century no doubt expected certain standards of decoration in the room where the symposium took place. The decorative style of Roman elite houses drew its inspiration from that of the Classical and Hellenistic period, but soon developed in the competitive climate of the late Republic and early Empire. The Pompeian house, therefore, served a number of functions. It was somewhere for an individual and his family to live in the first instance. But it also performed a significant social function as a place to receive and impress clients. Its size and exterior adornments were an open display of wealth and social standing, making a claim to be from a particular social class (even if not born into it), and the decoration, both interior and exterior all served to reinforce this impression. The more elaborate the decoration, the greater the social status of the owner. Bibliography P.M.Allison, Pompeian Households: An Analysis of the Material Culture (Los Angeles 2004) A.Boethius J.B.Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture (Middlesex 1970) A. Cooley, M.G.L. Cooley, Pompeii (London 2004) M.W.Frederiksen, Caesar, Cicero and the Problem of Debt, JRS, 56, 1966, 128-141 M. Grahame, Private and Public in the Roman House: Investigating the Social Order of the Casa del Fauno in R.Laurence A.Wallace-Hadrill, Domestic Space in the Roman World: Pompeii and Beyond (Michigan 1997) M.Grant, Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum (London 1971) W.M.Jongman, Pompeii (Amsterdam 1988) A.McKay, Houses, Villas and Palaces in the Roman World (Southampton 1977) M.C.Van Binneke, Some Remarks on the Functions of Houses and Rooms in the Insula V at Herculaneum. Mededelingen van het Nederlands Instituut te Rome, Antiquity 50, 1991, 136-144 A.Wallice-Hadrill, The Social Structure of Roman Houses, PBSR, 56, 1988, 43-97 A.Wallice-Hadrill, Houses and Society in Pompeii and Herculaneum (Princeton 1994) P. Zanker, Pompeii: Public and Private (London 1998)

Doctor Manette’s Role In A Tale of Two Cities :: A Tale of Two Cities

Doctor Manette’s Role in A Tale of Two Cities Introduction- Individual characters often exist as the heart of a novel. I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Tale of Two Cities evolved from Doctor Manette’s story A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Doctor Manette’s story II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Recalled to Life† A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Doctor Manette’s appearance B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  His revival C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  His relationship with his daughter III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Doctor Manette’s relapses A. His newfound strength IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Doctor Manette as a hero Conclusion- Doctor Manette as the nucleus of the novel. Individual characters often exist as the heart of the novel. They contain dynamic characteristics and occupy a central position in the novel. In A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens uses Doctor Manette as the core of his novel, Doctor Manette â€Å"is a worthy hero and a crucial piece in the puzzle†(Glancy 75). His personality and story thrusts him into the spotlight throughout the book. The novel revolves around his character. A Tale of Two Cities evolved from Doctor Manette’s story. He has witnessed the aftermath of a rape and assault committed by two twin nobles, the Evrà ©mondes, and is forbidden to speak of it; â€Å"†¦the things that you see here are things to be seen and not spoken of† (Dickens 325). But when Manette tries to report these crimes he is locked up in the Bastille. The novel is then built up through Doctor Manette’s cruel and unjustified imprisonment and the events following his release from prison(Lindsay 103). That is how he becomes the core of the novel. Upon the opening of the novel Dr. Manette is a weak and horrific man. He is a man â€Å"recalled to life† (Dickens 24) from an eighteen-year imprisonment and has the appearance of an aged man having white hair and a ragged face; â€Å"he is a ghost, the empty shell of a man† (Glancy 69). He is very confused, so confused he cannot recall any of his past or even remember his name. â€Å"The experience of oppressive misery has not merely twisted him†¦it has broken down the whole system of memory in his psyche† (Lindsay 104). He is a mere victim of the past. â€Å"Dr. Manette has been driven mad, broken and goaded into a destroying curse, by eighteen years of unjust imprisonment in the Bastille† (Johnson 30). He is too accustomed to imprisonment to be able to bear freedom, which was true of many prisoners during the Revolution. But he is resurrected at the sight of his daughter, who stimulates the memory of his wife with her â€Å"threads of gold†, or her golden hair.

Barn Burning - Charcter Analysis :: essays papers

Charcter Analylis Barn Burning Character Analysis William Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† In â€Å"Barn Burning† the setting is a time when people drove horse wagons and the workingmen were generally farmers. The major character in this story is Colonel Sartoris Snopes, called â€Å"Sarty† by his family who is a ten-year-old boy. In the beginning, Sarty is portrayed as a confused and frightened young boy. He is in despair over the burden of doing the right thing or sticking by his family, as his father states,† You got to learn to stick to your own blood or you ain’t going to have any blood to stick to you.† Sarty’s father, Abner Snopes is accused of burning down a barn and Sarty is called upon to testify against his father and to tell the events of what happened. He wants to tell the truth because it is the right thing to do, but he knows he might have lie to save his father from being reprimanded. To his relief, it is decided that Sarty will not have to testify and is dismissed from testifying. It is decided by the Justice of the Peace to order Abner and his family to leave town at once. Sarty has moved twelve times in his ten years of age and although the story does not state clearly, that this is not the first time his father has set fire to a barn, but shows that the chances are, that he probably has done this in the past which has affected Sarty in how he feels about his father. Sarty’s other family members include the mother, aunt, an older brother, and two twin sisters who are minor contributing factors in this story. The family knows the father is responsible for the burning of the barns and they even unwillingly help him at his requests. This story describes the family somewhat concerned for the father, but they never challenge his decision to burn the barns even though it is wrong. The critical point of the story is when Sarty decides to tell Mr. De Spain that his father is going to burn his barn. Sarty is in disarray because he doesn’t know what is going to happen to him next and is probably speculating that his family will never forgive him because the of the harm that will come to their father if he is caught in the act.

Behavioral Misuse Of Antibiotics Health And Social Care Essay

Background: self medicine with antibiotics is devouring drugs to handle self diagnosed infection without confer withing doctors which is broad spread abuse of antibiotics in developing states. Purpose: this survey purpose to measure the prevalence of behavioural abuse of antibiotics by self medicine among wellness professional pupils in J.U.S.T, and to measure the association between ego aa‚ ¬ † medicine and doing factors. Design: across-sectional design will utilize. Method: random sample of 400 pupils in J.U.S.T university, selected from 4th twelvemonth degree in modules of ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) , validated questionnaire will used to roll up informations, pilot survey sample ( 40 pupils ) , informations analysis through statistical bundle of societal scientific discipline ( SPSS ) . Decision: the determination will supply of import informations about prevalence of abuse of medicine among the four groups ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, nurse ) , which will be of import in understanding the wellness load of the development of antibacterial opposition.IntroductionA important addition in the mortality and morbidity rate of antecedently treatable infections disease due to the outgrowth of opposition among infective and common bacterium. This turning opposition to antibiotics represents a planetary menace to human sort. The major job of antibiotics self medicine is the outgrowth of opposition which means the effectivity of antibiotics will worsen and therefore infections turned to be more hard and really expensive to handle and epidemics become harder to command ( WHO report, 2005 ) ( reka bisht, 2009 ) . Further, other serious side consequence may develop like harm to some critical organ like kidney and liver, and devastation of normal vegetations in the organic structure. The purpose of this survey is to look into the prevalence of behavioural abuse of antibiotics by self medicine without prescription and its part to antibacterial opposition among wellness professional pupils at J.U.S.T University, and compare the consequence with similar surveies. In Jordan, no much behavioral based survey was conducted. One of these survey conducted by Al-Bakri et Al ( 2005 ) to measure beginnings, form and rightness of antibacterial drugs ingestion within the Jordanian population? ? ? ? ? All other surveies carried in Jordan were based on community, wellness establishment, or infirmary sceneLiterature reappraisalThe old surveies defined self medicine as consuming of drugs without reding from their doctors or use of any medicine for ego intervention without audience of wellness attention professions ( sharrif, 2011 ) . In measuring the behaviour of ego antibiotics medicine and the factors influencing, other survey in Jordan concludes that inappropriate ego medicine antibiotics appears to be common among Jordanian, meaning the demand for carefully designed antibiotics educational runs to stress the utilizations and restriction of these medicine, and to do general public consciousness to the negative consequence, this run should be include all Jordanian ( Sawair, Baqain, Abu Karaky, & A ; Abu Eid, 2009 ) .. Self medicine is a common job worldwide, antibiotic opposition is quickly increasing job and the underdeveloped states like, Iran, Sudan, Jordan, Pakistan are sing ma ny facet of in appropriate usage of medicines in their wellness attention installations ( Sawalha, 2008 ) .Study designA cross-sectional survey will be conducted to look into the magnitude of antibiotic abuse and to measure the most likely causation factors act uponing this behaviour among wellness professional pupils in ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) . This descriptive exploratory survey will be performed utilizing a self-administered questionnaire.Population and sampleA convenient random choice of 400 pupils will be performed to transport out the survey. The sample choice will be will be from all pupils in 4th specializer to be chosen every other pupil. This indiscriminately selected sample is considered homogeneous with regard to their age ( 4th twelvemonth degree pupils ) , educational degree, and wellness professions. Data will be collected from the pupils during their presence in their regular categories at the beginning of the 2nd semester in 2013. A entire figure of 400 questionnaires will be distributed on pupils in 4th specializer.PutingThe survey will be conducted in an academic based puting on 4th twelvemonth degree pupils of the 4th wellness co-workers ( medical specialty, dental medicine, pharmaceutics, and nursing ) at Jordan university of scientific discipline and engineering.Data aggregationA pre-designed structured questionnaire in Arabic linguistic communication will be used to roll up the information on ego medicine with antibiotic from the survey population. The questionnaire will be pre-tested on a little pilot population ( 40 pupils ) , from every specializer to find the diction and format of the questionnaire, completeness of response, the clip needed to finish the signifier. After that the questionnaire will be modified consequently. University administrative blessing will be obtained ( IRB ) to ease the distribution of the questionnaire. At the beginning of the questionnaire, the intent of the surve y will be explained and so the pupils will be asked to reply all inquiries. Consequently, demographic informations such as name, age, gender, reference, and forte co-worker will be followed. The questionnaire will dwell of structured unfastened and closed terminal inquiries and multiple response inquiries, the informations will be classified into point, which in bend will be given codifications used for intent of computing machine informations entry. The questionnaire will distributed to pupils at the terminal of their talk after informing and obtaining consent of the teaching staff and so collected after completion clip ( the clip will find related to fly survey ) . The response rate will be 100 % .Statistical analysisData will be analyzed by utilizing SPSS, descriptive analysis will be conducted. Prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics will be reported as per centum. Categorical information will be presented as frequence of happening and will be analyzed by chi-square trial . Continuous informations will be presented as mean and standard divergence and will be analyzed by pupil t-test. The P value of less than 0.05 was considered important at the 0.05 degree.RestrictionFirst, our topic will be drawn from health-professional pupils instead than other specializer. Second, the age distribution of the sample population will be different from the age distribution from general distribution of Jordan. Further surveies are needed to affect wider scope of ages to find the magnitude of self-medication abuse of antibiotics in the general population. Third, this is a retrospective survey, some prejudice might go on when the pupil have to retrieve how many times, continuance of intervention, besides should retrieve the name of antibiotics have been taken in old 12 months. Fourth, the questionnaire will be administered to pupils during their presence in their regular category. So, pupils may impact each other ‘s replies to inquiry, in malice of research worker ‘s instructions. What are anticipating to happen out is: Antibiotics self medicine without prescription is extremely prevalence among wellness professional pupils. Uncontrolled purchase of antibiotics from pharmaceuticss ( over the counter ) without prescription, and handiness of antibiotics at place ( remnant ) are the most common beginning of self medicine. Upper respiratory piece of land infection is the major wellness jobs reported to be treated by antibiotics self-medication. The fiscal factors play a function in choosing the type and the sum of antibiotics by self medicine individual.

Basic Legal Environment

Regarding the scenario the best way to go in that situation will be a partnership. The reason for that being, it cause he has little financial skills and management skills. From what I know regarding starting a business. If you do not have the skills or do not know much about the process, then you will need help starting and running the business. Everyone has their own way to of doing things so that decision it really you to you. Just make sure that you make the right one for you and your family. Abstract This paper will address the issues of sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. This will discuss the advantages and disadvantages for all three. This will also discuss which will be the best way to go when starting a business and why. There some advantages and disadvantages to each type of business. Depending on how much say the owner wants to have in the decision making of the business. If it was I starting a business the best would be corporation or ever better a Limited Liability Corporation (LLC). The reason for that being is that if anything happens to the business the liability does not fall back on you. There will be hard getting help with the start up cost, because with this type of business in the beginning, creditors will use individual for credit situations. Out of the three types of businesses, the best would be Sole Proprietor because the owner has 100% of all decisions and it is easy to start up, even though all debt falls back to the owner personally. This would be to the best way if you are starting up a new business. As you grow you can easily which it over to a partnership or corporation. Conclusion When starting up a business there are many decisions the make and questions to be asked. If you do not make the right one it can come back on you in the long run. I have learned a lot from starting my businesses that I have started in the past. Now I have a successful business that will go a long way.

The Triple Bottom Line Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Triple Bottom Line - Assignment Example This is however having a negative effect on performance at the corporate level because the company does very little to focus on environmental sustainability and social justice. This makes it difficult to have stakeholder goodwill because corporate ratings of the company are very low. The use of the TBL measurement system would also come with some short term consequences for the organization. The first of such short term consequences have to do with increase in the company’s budgetary expenditure. This is because to get the full potential of TBL measurement system, it is important to institutionalize it in the company and ensure that every needed resource that makes its implementation successful is apportioned (Slaper & Hall, 2011). Such rise in expenditure may come as a result of the need to set up a new TBL monitoring team or department. Another short term consequence would be possible organizational friction that would come as a result of changes in the organizational culture of the company. Such changes in organizational culture would have to come to ensure that aspects of environmental sustainability and social justice are incorporated into the activities of the company (Shrivastava & Berger, 2010). There are also long term consequences of using TBL measurement system. These long term consequences would however be seen as yields from the short term consequences. The first of such long term consequences would be improved corporate returns for the company. These corporate returns can be measured not only in terms of financial growth but also in terms of sustainability and social justice. Indeed companies that have such hopes for sustainability and social justice are always guaranteed to have lesser legal issues with its in-house and external stakeholders such as employees and suppliers. This is because by the use of the TBL measurement system, the

Orientation to Biblcal Studies Literature review

Orientation to Biblcal Studies - Literature review Example There is a sense of joy and effort hidden in finding something for ourselves. Thereby the modern academic study of scripture allows an individual a chance to engage with a religious text in a such way that one tends to develop a personal appropriation of the scripture. A systematic modern study of the scripture is pivotal because it happens to be the word of God and contains no fallacy or errors. An academic study of scripture is necessary to quintessentially realize the fact that God is there to take care of this universe and miracles can happen even today as they happened about 2000 years ago in Israel. It is really feasible to go through the scripture without understanding much of it. Even more easy it is to misinterpret the message inherent in the scripture or to interpret a word totally out of context. An academic study of the scripture helps one arrive at the actual and correct understanding of the text in it and places one’s decision to live by the word and to devote on e’s life to the study of scripture on a sound footing. A religious attending of the mass is not a sure way to receive the innate message of the scripture as there happens to be no preacher incapable of fallacy or not liable to make mistakes. Thereby a modern academic study of the scripture is a more eager and sincere way to receive the message in the scripture. ... However, to be able to accrue a firm judgment in these matters, it is imperative for a believer to personally engage in a systematic study of the scripture and to thoroughly imbibe its content. And when it comes to preachers and teachers who intend to disseminate the good news implicit in the scripture, it is a must for them to have a thorough grounding in the text, so that what they preach to others is immaculately faultless and in consonance with the true message in the scripture. Hence, the study of the scripture is an integral aspect of a believer’s life, and more so for the believers who intend to spread and convey the good news to others. In the contemporary times when it is feasible to engage in an academically sound study of the scripture, and considering the abundance of sources available on the scripture, it behoves any believer to engage in an academically systematic study of the scripture, even if it happens to be of the most basic or simple scope. A modern academi c study of the scripture helps one understand its importance and thereby encourages and motivates one to work hard in construing the message given in it. However, it goes without saying that there are also many pitfalls associated with an academic study of the scripture. One of the essential pitfalls in this context is that a scholar with ample erudition in the academic study of the scripture may lose contact with the actual spirit of the text and in self-conceitedness based on personal scholarship may end up believing the scripture to be a historical or literary text (Gooder 56). It is important to know the scripture, yet, it is even more important for a believer to know the Lord. Hence, while engaged in a systematic study of the scripture it is important for a student not